Portland pozzolana cement or PPC cement.
A form of Portland cement known as PPC type cement differs from OPC by containing 15–35% of pozzolana particles, which include fly ash and volcanic ash. The full name of PPC cement is Portland Pozzolana Cement. In actuality, it is both finer and less thick than the OPC.
Cement is made using pozzolana particles, which use less OPC but have greater durability and strength. PPC-grade cement, however, starts out with a lower compressive strength and a slower settling period. It is frequently use to build maritime systems, masonry mortars, and hydraulic constructions. Large-scale concrete building projects like dams, dikes, and sewage tanks commonly contain them.
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Types of PPC cement
Two categories of pozzolanic materials can be distinguish:
Natural pozzolanic substances
Natural pozzolan is a term for unprocessed or calcined materials from nature that display pozzolanic qualities. Diatomaceous earth, opaline cherts, tuffs, shales, and volcanic ash or pumice are examples of natural pozzolans.
There needs to be greater calcining and grounding of natural pozzolans. Due to the availability of more effective artificial pozzolanic materials, these are currently receiving less attention.
Synthetic pozzolans
- A synthetic pozzolanic material is silica fume. It can also be create when making silicon or ferrosilicon alloys in an electric arc furnace by reducing high-quality quartz with coal. The technique causes silica smoke to rise as oxidised gas. It melts, condenses, and gathers in cloth bags. To maintain track of the particle size and remove contaminants, the obtained silica smoke underwent additional processing.
- A finely separated residue of burning coal powder is called fly ash. It is, respectively, trash from railway locomotives and coal-fired power plants. It is the part of synthetic pozzolana that is most frequently employ. Fly ash crystals are shape like circles and have a fineness similar to cement. Silica is also still easily accessible for a response. Fly ash must maintain consistent refining and carbon content despite having a nice pozzolanic activity. Utilising fly ash as a blend not only improves the technological advantages of concrete’s qualities but also reduces environmental pollutants.
- Blast furnace slag: It’s been shown that replacing cement with ground, granulate blast furnace slag reduces the water content of the new concrete and gives it a similar droop. A bigger reduction in water content will result from an increase in slag material and fineness. This is because the cement and slag particle morphologies and states differ. Additionally, because slag has a somewhat lower surface hydration than cement, the water add for blending isn’t lost right away.
Portland pozzolana cement (PPC cement)
The four processes of the manufacturing process—crushing of the raw materials, grinding of the raw materials, calcination of the clinkers, and pounding of the cement—are the same as for Portland cement as a whole.
Crushing of raw materials:
Portland cement’s two major ingredients are clay and limestone. After digging, trucks dump these raw materials stones, which are then haul to crushers to be broken down into smaller pieces. After that, they are homogenise while awaiting recycling and then heap up in a yard.
Grinding of raw materials:
The necessary quantity of fine-particle raw materials is fed into the raw mill in order to further reduce the particle size. The material is properly blend and homogenise before being dump in silos.
Calcination:
Clinker is calcine by going through a procedure at a high temperature in a cement rotary oven. Clinker is a collection of grey, spherical particles produced by many chemical processes. In the cement cooler, these heat clinkers can be cool to a set temperature.
Cement grinding:
The clinker is correctly combine with pozzolanic elements and gypsum after being frozen before being deliver to the cement mill for grinding. Cement is often produce in cement silos, where it is also process and pack.
PPC cement: Features
- PPC cement requires more time to cure, and the temperature at which it does so does have an impact on how strong it eventually becomes. Anytime the temperature is low, the toughening process is slow. The hardening is exacerbate despite steam curing or humid heat treatment, making the cement unsuitable for winter building.
- Although the PPC cement’s end strength is higher, its beginning strength is lower. That’s also due to the fact that the calcium hydroxide significantly increase the amount of hydrated calcium silicate and effective silica that was form during the chemical reaction of the pozzolanic material.
- PPC cement requires a lot of water because the mixture’s ingredients are permeable and its particles are small. The quantity and composition of the mixture determine how much water is require for a typical consistency.
- For Portland Pozzolana Cement, the first setting time is at least 30 minutes, and the actual setting time is no longer than 10 hours.
- PPC cement has poor hydration and hydration levels as a result of the large variety and quantity of blended components.
- It has a higher sulphate threshold in situations containing carbonic acid and acidic water.
PPC Cement: Benefits
- Because the waste that is recycle and renewable to produce the raw ingredients for its manufacturing, it is an ecologically friendly cement.
- It is an excellent plastering cement since it is a very fine cement.
- Because pozzolano contains silica, which decreases the cost of cement and makes it more cost-effective, it is less expensive.
- Because of its strong resistance to sulphate attacks, pozzolana cement is use to create dams, coastal structures, buildings along the seaside, and other structures.
- Pre- and post-stress concrete is treat with PPC.
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